Thursday 16 May 2019

Ladies of the Night

I love the way 19th century journalists wrote about the ladies of the night. 

 

Julia Julian of Hobart-town

http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article233613376

 25 Jan 1833 

Julia Julian, appeared with downcast eye, labouring
evidently under great distress of mind, to answer
the charge of Mrs. Mary Thomas, residing on the
Jetty, where she now reigns the Sovereign Queen of
her frail sisterhood. Mrs. Thomas complained that
Julia, whom she had taken into her "discreet and
sober house," had so repeatedly strayed from the path
of virtue, and returned home drunk and outrageous,
that she could no longer keep her under her fostering
care ; and that on communicating her intentions to the
fair one, she flew in a rage and threw a tumbler at her
head ; for which she now prayed restitution and justice.
At the request however of the complainant,
at this stage of the proceeding, the charge was with
drawn, and both ladies withdrew in seeming friend
ship. 

 

The Misses Moffatt of Adelaide

Here is an Amelia Moffatt with a number of other Moffats arriving in 1840:

MORGAN David (1st arr 1837 Lady Emma), Christina MOFFATT nee POPLE, Priscilla MOFFATT, Selina MOFFATT, Amelia MOFFATT, dau MOFFATT arrived in SA 1840-06-10 aboard Orleana from London 40-02-29. My goodness! What a lot of Moffatts, and all female! Mr Morgan apparently came to check out Adelaide in 1837, and went back to England to get the girls.

 Thursday, 18th November. (1847, November 20). Adelaide Observer (SA : 1843 - 1904), p. 3
 http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article158925186
Thursday 18th November,
Mary alias Pol. Pitman, and Sarah Cummings, two illus
trious .members of the ".ladies' society," of Light-square,
charged with annoying Amelia Moffatt and Sarah Lyons, at
the residence of the latter two, in Hindley-street, by the
use of abusive and indecent language, pleaded Not Guilty.
Police-constable Tarrant, who seems to be a thorough
adept in ferreting out the frail sisterhood, gave with admi
rable coolness, a verbatim report of the Billingsgate phraseology that constituted the charge; but as we cannot boast
of so much nerve as the worthy sprig of justice seems to
possess in such illustrations, we must-decline repeating the
many lingual elegancies that transpired,
Sarah Lyons, "dyer" and Amelia Moffat dressmaker,
who live in the same house in -Hindley-street, stated that
they were constantly annoyed by the "fair dames" in
question, who with a posse of Cyprians, besieged their
nunnery with the most unaccountable perseverance, and
from their threats and gestures they were apprehensive of
some injury to their persons or clothes. They could con.
ceive no reason why they should be so annoyed.
This being the charge the.Magistrate asked the prisoners
what they had to say in defence of .their conduct. .
Miss Pittman, in the absence of her standing-counsel, said
she was passing near the residence of the Mesdames Moffattt
and Lyons,when she was saluted with various unladylike
epithets which she of course resented, She looked upon
the complainant, Moffatt, as a prostitute like herself, and
considered the annoyance complained of was perfectly war.
ranted under the circumstances.
. Miss Cummings, with an air of virtuous indignation.said
that Miss Moffatt was in the habit of encroaching .upon the
exclusive rights of herself and companion in tribulation by
wiling away gents of their acquaintance to her lodgings, and
thus limiting their undeniable prerogatives in that aristo
cratic part of the town; and that whilst she (Moffatt) pro,
fessed to be kept by a Mr B**** at the time, in .question a
Mr F*'***, with.whom.she was desirous of communicating
was in the house. On her expressing a wish to that effect
to Lyons, she was threatened with being given in charge of
the Police, that thereupon she expressed her feeling some
what warmly and the result was that she and her friend
were unceremoniously hauled off to the Police station
The Magistrate told them the charge was fullyproved,
add that it could not be allowed that such conduct should
pass unnoticed. Whatever Amelia Moffatt's peculiarities
might be, she was entitled to protection. He should-there.
fore fine each prisoner 10s.
Two kindred sylphs were immediately despatched for the
necessary levy, which they soon produced,and the frail de-
linquents glided out of Court with the grace and haughty
bearing of a keen sense of injury, muttering a firm determi
nation to continue hostilities against the aforesaid nunnery
with energy and means that will probably lead to "glorious
deeds of fame," and bring the fair Joans again before the
admiring gaze of the public.
 So it's seven years after the arrival of the Moffatt sisters. Amelia is now a Hindley St. prostitute. "Miss Moffatt was about twenty one years
of age. She (witness) washed for her. Could not say
what business she followed. She might have been a kept
mistress. She might have been kept by several persons."
In 1850, Miss Amelia Moffatt is in Port Philip, (and who is the "celebrated Newberry/Newbury, now out of the colony"? Sounds like a purveyor of stolen goods. He was. He fled to avoid jail.) A Selina Moffatt, aged 26, married  James Samuel Watson, aged 40 at St James Church Blakiston (District: Adelaide Book/Page: 14/143) She died, still married to Watson, in 1866.

Further Reading

Monday 6 May 2019

Encounter Bay Whaling Station

Some very scrappy notes. If you have any questions or comments, please leave me a message in the comments box below.

Ramindjerri name for Encounter Bay: Karraunda

Encounter Bay Whaling Station 1850 showing "The Bluff" (Rosetta Head)
at right, Granite and Wright Island, whaleboats drawn up on the beach,
whalebone on the beach and a row of whaler's huts.
Whaling begins 1837.
Two stations: Capt Blenkinsop's at first on the mainland, then on Granite Island.
S.A. Company managed by Samuel Stephens (of all people!) at Rosetta Head.

"To resolve the conflicts Parliament passed an Act for the Regulation and Protection of the Whale Fisheries in September 1839. The whale belonged to the party whose harpoon first struck the whale. If the line broke and a second harpoon was struck, the whale became joint property. The Act also specified the provisions to be supplied to the men - 12 lbs of beef or 9 lbs of pork, 12 lbs of bread or flour, 4 ozs tea and 2 lb of sugar per week. The lack of vegetables was compensated by the owners supplying two gallons of tea or half a pint of strong rum per day. Some reports indicate that the men had little to do between whale chases but "eat, drink and sleep, play cards, sing and make a noise". (FamilyHistorySA Maureen M. Leadbetter)

Whalers

PULLING HAND - Oarsman
HEADSMAN - In charge of each boat, takes over steering once the whale is harpooned
BOATSTEERER usually also the harpoonist
TONGUER  Too horrible to think about

According to Mr Sweetman's memories: (Sweetman was there from around 1853)
Bob Cleeve, 
Billy Honeyman, HUNNIMEN / HONEYMAN/Honeymoon William, boatsteerer (1844 Hagen), boatsteerer (1845 Wilde)
Jim Clark
Tom Clark, CLARK Thomas, headsman (1846 Hagen, 1847 Wilde, 1848, 1849 Barnett, 1851 Bennett)
Jack Jones, JONES John, headsman (1844 Hagen, 1845, 1846, 1847 Wilde, 1848 Barnett)
Jack Taylor, TAYLOR Henry, boatsteerer (1844 Wilde), tonguer (1845 Hagen), pulling hand (1849 Barnett), boatsteerer (1850 Barnett)
Jim Long, LONG James, headsman (1844 Hagen, 1846 Wilde, 1847 Hagen, 1848, 1849 Barnett, 1850 Bennett), chief headsman (1845 Hagen, 1851 Bennett)
Alex Ewen, EWEN Alexander, pulling hand (1844, 1845 Hagen), boatsteerer (1847, 1848 Hagen, 1850, 1851 Bennett)
Bill Harris, HARRIS John, boatsteerer (1848, 1849 Barnett, 1850 Bennett)
Jack Gangel, 
Peter Morgan, 
Jack Parsons,   ??PARSONS Frederick, pulling hand (1845 Hagen)
 Jack McCarthy, 
Jim McDonald, 
Dan Budie,
Frank Buckley, 
George Bennett, BENNETT George, boatsteerer (1844 Hagen, 1845 Wilde)
Jack Foster, (real name John Harris)
Rube Earl, 
Tom Smith, SMITH Thomas, pulling hand (1846 Hagen)
Tom Atrill, 
Joshua Paterson (cooper)
Jack Hyde (boat builder) ??HYDE John, pulling hand (1844 Hagen)
Jack Beddow BEDDOW John, pulling hand (1844 Wilde)
Montgomery (steersman) MONTGOMERY William, boatsteerer (1844 Wilde)
Foster (headsman - drowned) 
Henry Lush

(John Barbank/Burbank) rescued after whaling/fishing boat capsized on the reef at Wright's island after 1850
("New Zealand Tom" ) Not sure if these two are whalers

The following are whalers whose names appeared in Government Gazettes 1844-1851. Source: FamilyHistorySA.info
BENNETT Samuel, pulling hand (1844 Hagen)
BENNETT Thomas, pulling hand (1844 Hagen)
BUCK William, pulling hand (1844 Haynes, 1845 Hagen, 1851 Bennett)
BUDD William, boatsteerer (1845 Wilde)
CARTER John, pulling hand (1845 Hagen)
CLARK John, headsman (1844, 1845, 1846, 1847 Wilde, 1851 Bennett), pulling hand (1849 Barnett), tonguer (1851 Bennett)
CLARK Joseph, pulling hand (1845 Hagen)
CLARKE Isaac, boatsteerer (1844 Hagen)
CLARKE John, cook (1847 Hagen)
FAGAN James, pulling hand (1846 Hagen)
GANDEW Edward, pulling hand (1846 Hagen)


HARRISON George, pulling hand (1846 Hagen)
HARRISON John, headsman (1844 Haynes), cook (1847 Hagen)
HYDE John, pulling hand (1844 Hagen)
HYDE Morris, pulling hand (1848 Hagen)
HYDE Phillip, boatbuilder (1844 Wilde, 1846 Hagen), carpenter (1845, 1847 Hagen)

JONES Edward, pulling hand (1844, 1845, 1847 Hagen, 1848 Barnett, 1850 Bennett), tonguer (1847 Hagen)
JONES Richard, pulling hand (1846 Hagen)
JONES Thomas, pulling hand (1844 Wilde)
JONES William, pulling hand (1850 Barnett)
 MORGAN William, pulling hand (1845 Hagen)
SMITH Charles, pulling hand (1844 Haynes)
SMITH Grieve, headsman (1844 Hagen)
SMITH John, pulling hand (1844, 1845, 1847, 1848 Hagen, 1845 Wilde), boatsteerer (1846 Hagen)
SMITH Joshua, pulling hand (1845 Wilde)
SMITH Nathan, pulling hand & carpenter (1845 Hagen)
SMITH Thomas, pulling hand (1846 Hagen)
SMITH William, pulling hand (1845, 1846 Hagen)
Owners
S.A. Company
John Hart & Jacob Hagen
James Wilde & John Howard
J.T. Haynes
Barnett
Bennett

Bennett

James Frederick Bennett, Samuel Elkington Boord, William Johnstone & S R Clarke (1850)
James Frederick Bennett, Samuel Elkington Boord & William Johnstone (1851)

Barnett

Joseph Barnett (1848-49)
Joseph Barnett & Thomas Clark (1850) at Rapid Bay

Hagen

John Hart & Jacob Hagen (1844)
Jacob Hagen, John Baker & John Hart (1845-46)
John Baker, Jacob Hagen & John Hart (1847-48)

Haynes

J T Haynes (1844)

Wilde

James Wilde & John Howard (1844-45)
James Wilde, John Howard & William Johnstone (1846)
James Wilde & William Johnstone (1847)

The Town

Was surveyed quite early by Light. Title deeds are dated as early as 1837.

Reading list
Colwell Max, 1969. Whaling Around Australia
Cumpston J S, 1974. Kangaroo Island, 1800-1836
Gibb R M, 1969. A History of South Australia
Kostoglou Parry & McCarthy Justin, 1991. Whaling and Sealing Sites in South Australia
Nash Michael, 2003. The Bay Whales. Tasmania's Shore-Based Whaling Industry
Parsons Ronald, 1986. Southern Passages. A Maritime History of South Australia
Sexton R T, 1990. Shipping Arrivals and Departures. South Australia 1627-1850
Flinders University. The Archaeology of Whaling in Southern Australia and New Zealand (web page now unavailable)


Sources

https://www.familyhistorysa.org/sahistory/whaling.html
https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/58840224 (Bob Sweetman)

Whaling vessels:

Sarah Elizabeth - possibly Henty
Isabella  - Hart
Gem
Nereus
Thistle - Griffiths

Sunday 5 May 2019

Mr and Mrs Clark of Cape Jervis

In 1850 Tom Clark partnered with Barnett to hunt whales at Fishery Beach, just south of Cape Jervis. Whaling commenced in May 1850. Tom was manager and lived there with "Mrs Clark" in a slab hut, remains of which have been excavated by archaeologists. They kept ducks, fowls and pigs, probably for their own use and to supplement the diet of the whalers.
There were twelve whalers, but few whales. Only one was caught in the entire season. Tom had plenty of time to build three rowboats in sheds on site.

At the end of the season, the fishery was sold to Bennett's. Tom is recorded as having been in Bennett's employ in 1851. Was that at Fishery beach? Son Robert was born in 1851 "at Port Victor".

These dates confirm that Mary Louisa was Robert Clark's mother as she was definitely co-habiting with Tom Clark from May 1850, at Rapid Bay.

SAILED Wed May 1st
The cutter Jane and Emma, 20 tons, Shaw,
master, for Rapid Bay and Cape Jervis. Passengers
Mr and Mrs Clark, Mr and Mrs Chandler, and twelve
whalers. Cargo-Sundries lor the fishery. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/159531719
3rd May 1850: CLEARED OUT.
May 1 -The cutter Jane and Emma, 15 tons, Shaw, for Cape Jervis. With stores for Barnett &
Clark's Fishery. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/71626181


Mr Barnett's party started on the 1st inst., in the fine
cutter Jane and Emma (which he has bought) for the
fishery at Cape Jervis; and that nothing might be
wanting to give them a good start, he hired the steamer
to tow the vessel out to the lightship ; everything being
in his usual liberal style, gay flags flaunting in the
breeze, and champagne in abundance to enliven the
party of ladies and gentlemen who accompanied him in
the steamer to see the party off. When we say that
the famous headsman, Tom Clark, continues as
manager, we doubt not they will have that success
which Mr Barnett's liberality and enterprise so well
deserve.Adelaide Observer 4 May 1850
(Note it wasn't the party on board the Jane and Emma that was treated to champagne).
https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/159531734

SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.
Sept. 23 1850.—The cutter, Jane and Emma, 35 tons,
Clark, master, from Cape Jervis.

 THE WHALING SEASON.-The whaling season this
year has not been very successful up to the present
time. Mr Barnett's new fishery at Cape Jervis, have
only caught one humpback, but this is partly owing to
the situation of the fishery, the tide running through
the straits so fast, that it is very difficult to come up to
a fish passing through. Messrs Bennett and Co's,
party, at the old spot, Encounter Bay, have been rather
fortunate, having taken, we believe, nine whales and
two humpbacks. 14 Sep 1850, Adelaide Observer

26th Sept ARRIVED The cutter Jane and Emma, 25 tons, Shaw,
master, from Cape Jervis, with a party of whalers.

 https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/195940822

Excerpts from SKETCHES OF THE PRESENT STATE OF
SOUTH AUSTRALIA.
No. VIII.-CAPE JERVIS (dated 1st Dec, presumably 1850) 
From Mr. Ransford's a level road runs parallel
with the coast, and for about a mile or two we were
able even to " bowl along " with comfort till we
came in sight of Mr. Barnett's fishery, which, with
its scattered sheds and buildings near the shore, we
saw from a rise which terminated in a slope where
the hut of Mr. Clark, the manager, was placed.
Mrs. Clark received us with much attention and
civility, in a slab hut, the picture of neatness and
order, though the premises were surrounded by
ducks, fowls, pigs, turkeys, four caged parroquets, a
tame magpie, a pet cat, and an infant cockatoo.
Mr. Clark was at Kangaroo Island. ...
...We looked at the oil-boiling coppers and
apparatus, and threading a maze of empty tuns
visited a boat-shed where were three new handsome
strong boats, built by Mr. Clark; the largest, a
.six-oared boat, valued at £25.

We were so fully in view of Kangaroo Island,
and could so plainly see the vegetation there, as to
make it appear singularly near, as it sometimes
does. The distance is 12 miles from the fishery,
and the passage is made in a few hours. Mrs.
Clark said that her husband and herself could
manage the boat without assistance on these occasions,
Mrs. Clark, as she technically phrased it,"hauling the sheet."
The whaling season here had
been unproductive, as we before affirmed, owing
chiefly, Mrs. Clark said, to the men employed not
being " up to their work," but it is also said that
the failure was more attributable to a spirituous
influence. Mrs. Clark had attempted a little garden
north of the house, a little above it, which she said
her husband laughed at, but we told her that it
might prove no joke. She was ambitious of grow
ing melons, which were thriving, and coveted
cucumbers, but had no seed.

... We have since
learnt that this fishery has been sold by Mr. Barnett
to Messrs. Boord, Johnson, and Bennett.
https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/165043305
Adelaide Observer 3 May 1851

 POLICE COURT-PORT ADELAIDE.
Friday, May 10th. 1850
Charles Morris, charged with deserting the Cape Jervis
whale fishery, to which he had articled himself for five
months, after receiving £3 wages on the 5th inst., pleaded
guilty, and said be had to cook for all of them at the fishery,
and there was nothing to do it with, so he left, as the men
complained of him. He intended to return the £3.
Mr Barnett explained that the things were not yet landed,
the man knew when he engaged that the fishery was not
established, and they must make a shift for a time.
Committed for a month.
Adelaide Observer 11th May 1850
https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/159532168